France, the country of beauty

France, the country of beauty

France (French: La France); officially the French Republic (French: La République française) is a European country located in Western Europe, which consists of a group of islands and overseas territories located in other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean to the English Channel and North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. Because of the shape, France is known by the French "Balsdasi." Is adjacent to the United Kingdom, Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Monaco, Andorra, and Spain. Share of the French Republic in the boundaries of the land also overseas with Brazil, Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles.

France is one of the founding members of the European Union, the largest area among them. France is also a founding member of the United Nations. As well as one of the five permanent members of the Security Council of the United Nations, which uses the veto, which is also one of the countries approved eight nuclear powers.

The name of Vrinkea France, the Germanic tribe that occupied the region after the fall of the Empire, Romanian, and specifically the region around Paris, which was the center of the Royal French sovereignty. Majority of the population of the French convert to Christianity and Catholicism.

rance occupies the country's most current space on which the country Galh (Gaule) Celtic origins. Then the country became a Roman province Galh. Germanic tribes came to the region around the fourth century AD. One of these settled tribes known as the Franks in the region. With the demise of the Romanian Empire gave the tribe its name to the country (France) later.

United the region covered by the France of today for the first time in 486 AD. The first King Clovis (Clovis Ier) reunification of the Germanic tribes under the banner of the Frankish tribe. New Kingdom included several tribes such as Alolaman (Alamans), Burgundes (Burgondes) and Western Algot (Wisigoths). After the unit broke Kingdom (which was called the country Galh) to the kingdoms, to rule all of them sons of a family Almirovengiyn (Mérovingien).


Umayyads tried to open them, led by Prince Amir Abd al-Rahmaan al-Andalus, but they were defeated at the Battle of Tours against Charles Martel in 732 AD.

The mid-eighth century AD, replaced strain Alcarawlingiyn (Carolingiens) replaced Almirovengiyn (Mérovingien) has expanded its land Frankish Kingdom.
The four major kingdoms in the year 800 AD: Abbasid Baghdad (green) and the Umayyad dynasty (light green) in Andalusia, and the empire of Charlemagne, including France (violet), and the Byzantine Empire (Brown).


Frankish kingdom became an empire with the coronation of Charlemagne (Charlemagne). Department of the wide empire of Charlemagne in 806 among his three sons - Pepin, and Louis, and Charles. But Pepin died in 810, and Charles in the year 811, that was left of these children except Lewis, and was busy in worship Anamaka seemed to him that he is not Khaleeq to rule a world full of turmoil and treachery. However, Louis I, although this may raise a solemn ceremony in the year 813 of the king to the emperor.

After the death of Louis I Frankish kingdom was divided again. Two of these kingdoms Amrta, Kingdom Vrinkea East (Francia orientalis) formed later Germany and the Kingdom of Western Vrinkea (Francia occidentalis), which accounted for France. In 842 AD by the descendants of Charlemagne holding section in Strasbourg Strasbourg (serments de Strasbourg). The close of the decade of the oldest written documents in two contrasting (Altodask and Romans) at the time. Some historians in France this document the official contract Birth country as well as France and Germany.

Alcarawlinjeon rule (Carolingiens) of the Kingdom of the Franks until the year 987 AD. This year was crowned Duke Hugh Capet (Hugues Capet) King of the country and was thus a new strain is a strain Kabacin (Capétiens). The descendants of the last expansion of the scope of land ownership (le domaine royal), and consolidated the foundations of the new state-century since the 12 m. Dynasty ruled France Kabasah directly or through other branches until the French Revolution of 1789 m.


The attack on the Bastille during the French Revolution 14. July 1789


After the French Revolution, has been dropped and the Royal Proclamation of the Republic. With the First Empire, the French took control of almost the entire Europe. These efforts shattered the forces of the French state in the face of the first enemy of the United Kingdom. During the reign of the Second Empire (Second Empire) country you know the start of industrial revolution. By the Third Republic (troisième République), France has become a colonial empire and a wide stretch from Africa to Asia.
The first scientific war.


Although out victorious from World Wars I and II. Cost of the latter's heavy losses in human lives and economic resources. I knew the country a period of significant growth during the three decades after the war (30 glorieuses).


Since 1958, and with the Fifth Republic (Cinquième République) has become the country's presidential system of democratic President (elected by the people, empowered to larger). The aim was to withstand the storms that have defined the country by which the system does not work in the parliamentary republic stopped.
View of the city "was" on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea.


Years since 1960, allowed reconciliation and cooperation of Germany and France to play the role of the two largest in the new European architecture. I knew the policy of the two successful with the establishment of the European Common Market. Today France is leading the movement want to give Europe a greater political role in the world.



A population census in France 60 million, population density 111 people per square kilometer. And France has 73 urban areas with over census for each 100 thousand inhabitants. The five largest population centers:
Population centers of population in 2002
Paris 11.2 million
Lyon 1.7 million
Marseille - X - en - Provence 1.5 million
Night, 1.2 million
Toulouse 1 million

Since the early nineties, the number of married couples, at a time of heightened incidence of cohabitation without a marriage contract free, reaching to 2.4 million cases in 2004 compared to 1.5 million in 1990. A free association in 2004 case out of every six cases of mating.



There are 1,200 museums in France, and attracts a million visitors a year. Receives the Louvre (Le Louvre) and Orsay museum (Musée d'Orsay) and the Palace of Versailles alone nearly 15 million visitors annually. Most cities also a museum or more. On the other hand, there are over 1500 historic buildings are open to the public (8 million visitors annually). The Eiffel Tower the most popular attraction, where visitors it receives 6 million visitors per year. Finally, there are about 38 thousand buildings are protected by the Ministry of Culture as historic monuments.